Authors: Abdou Razak Moukaila, Edem Komi Mossi, Mouhaman-Inouwa Kpelafia, Nouroudine Amadou, Lihanimpo Djalogue, Komi Dzidzonu Nemi, Awalou Mohaman Djibril.
Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high blood pressure (HBP) are a frequent duo with potentiation of micro and macrovascular complications.
Objective: To evaluate the frequency of HBP and its determinants in a type 2 diabetic population living in urban areas in Togo.
Method: This was a descriptive and analytical prospective study on type 2 diabetic patients received in consultation at the Medical and Surgical Clinic of Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Center of Lomé, for a period of six months.
Results: A total of 103 patients were enrolled in our study. The incidence of HBP was 33%. Among the risk factors associated with HBP in patients, we noted: age ≥ 40 years (OR = 4.8; CI: 1.3-17.6; pË‚0.017), abdominal obesity (OR = 5.35; CI: 2.2-13.0; pË‚0.001), overweight (OR = 27; CI 8.2-88.7; pË‚0.001), the existence of dyslipidemia (OR = 9.0; CI: 3.1 - 26.1; pË‚0.001), HbA1C ≥ 7% (OR = 10.3; CI: 3.2-32.6; pË‚0.001), a duration of diabetes progression greater than or equal to 5 years (OR = 10.3; CI: 3.1-33.9; pË‚0.001 ). Physical exercise (OR = 0.15; CI: 0.05 -0.39; pË‚0.001), and previous therapeutic education (OR = 0.30; CI: 0.12-0.78; p = 0.014) appeared to have a protective effect against the risk of developing hypertension.
Conclusion: Screening for risk factors associated with hypertension in the diabetic subject for their care, but also primary prevention emphasizing therapeutic education and regular physical exercise are essential to counter the harmful effects of hypertension in type 2 diabetic subjects in Togo.
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