Authors: Ricardo J. Rosero, Juan P. Polanco, Veronica Ciro, Alicia Uribe, Herlard Manrique, Pedro E. Sánchez.
Background: The worldwide prevalence of people with overweight and obesity has doubled over the past three decades, with over 1.9 billon cases of people with overweight and 609 millions of people with obesity in adults aged 18 years and older. With this article we want to identify profiles according to body composition (morphotypes) –independently of weight-, with motivating or triggering factors (psychotypes) which may allow physicians to perform preventive healthcare geared towards the enthusiastic promotion of lifestyle changes strategies.
Methods: We searched PubMed, Medline and clinicaltrial.gov for relevant clinical trials in English and Spanish with the search terms: Obesity, body composition, Behavior, Anthropometry, from 1990 to 2019. We reviewed references from key papers to identify additional articles. After this we developed an obesity proposal approach for a better diagnosis of metabolic health achieved by evaluating body composition together with its distribution patterns and fat and lean mass indexes, in combination with instruments to identify mental disorders provide proper tools to create therapeutic strategies that encompass multiple areas such as the emotional, nutritional, and sports spheres, which allow personalized therapeutic approaches specifically tailored to GPs, favouring a practical patient-centred approach.
Conclusion: We present a new strategy of therapeutic orientation of the patient with overweight and obesity. We can optimize the treatment from a point of view not only oriented in the body composition but also from the mental sphere, allowing the treatment team an integral approach.
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