Authors: Amanda Araújo de Carvalho, Swany Santa Luzia de Moura, Tatiana Frederico de Almeida, Maria Beatriz Barreto de Sousa Cabral, Maria Isabel Pereira Vianna, Maria Cristina Teixeira Cangussu.
Malocclusion and dentoalveolar trauma are common oral disorders in children. Objective: to analyze the prevalence of malocclusion and dentoalveolar trauma in children aged 3 to 5 years in Salvador-BA. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out with children aged 36 to 71 months in Salvador-BA. Data collection was carried out in family health units (FHU) and municipal public day care centers. The Malocclusion Index and the criteria of Foster and Hamilton were used for the analysis of malocclusion, and the criteria proposed by Andreasen were used to assess dental trauma, in addition to the registration of the variables age, sex, skin color, collection site and low lip brake. Descriptive and univariate analyzes were performed, looking for potential associations. Results: 2788 children, mostly male (50.90%) and black or brown (92.97%), were analyzed. Of the total, 21.13% had dento-alveolar trauma, and 39.99% malocclusion. The canine key was predominantly class I (88.38%), about 20% had some change in overjet and, 27% overbite. In the univariate analysis of malocclusion, an association was observed with the low insertion of the lip brake (p = 0.002). In the dentoalveolar trauma, there was a statistically significant association with the male gender (p = 0.001), malocclusion (p = 0.001) and low insertion labial brake (p = 0.024). Conclusions: The high prevalence of occlusal problems and dental trauma in the primary dentition stands out, indicating the need for public policies to prevent specific oral problems for this age group.
View/Download pdf