Authors: Ferdinand Mabula Machibya, Yiyuan Zhuang, Jiang Chen.
Introduction: Bone regeneration has been extensively applied in contemporary dental practice: However, the material selection is a continuous challenge to practitioners due to increasing number of bone substitutes with different biological and physical properties which determine their osteogenesis capacity.
Objective: To compare the percentage area occupied by bone and residual regeneration material in bone defects treated with (Bio Oss) Deproteinized bovine bone (Bio Oss) or Beta-tricalcium phosphate.
Methodology: The study assessed clinical (local swelling, bleeding on gentle touch, pus discharge, bone substitute (BS) discharge and Membrane exposure) and histological (percentage area occupied by bone and residual BS) features of standardized bone defects treated by either beta-Tricalciumphospate (β-TCP) or Deproteinized bovine bone (Bio Oss) (experimental) and control defects treated without regeneration materials.
Results: All defects healed without pus or regeneration material discharge. Bleeding was observed in 9 (20.8%) of defects within three days post surgery. Some swelling of different size was evident on all surgical sites up to 5th day post operation. There were no statistically significant differences on clinical features assessed.
There was higher percentage area occupied by bone tissue at 8 weeks compared to 4 weeks post treatment except in Bio Oss group which recorded relatively constant bone percentage at 4th and 8th weeks. The BS residual percentage areas were statistically significant different between groups at 4th and 8th week post treatment, except for experimental (β-TCP and Bio Oss) groups which recorded statistically insignificant difference (P = 0.78) at 4th week. The β-TCP group had the highest bone percentage at 4th and 8th weeks, while the lowest percentage of bone at 4th and 8th week was observed in control and Bio oss groups respectively.
Conclusion: The type of regeneration mode had no effect on the local clinical features clinical assessed.
The percentage area occupied by bone increased with time except in Bio Oss group which showed no difference between 4th and 8th weeks. The β-TCP group had the highest bone percentage at 4th and 8th weeks, while the lowest percentage of bone at 4th and 8th week was observed in control and Bio oss groups respectively.
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