Authors: Warigbani Pieterson, Edem Anyigba, Michael Kwapong-Nyarko, Mildred Nakazwe, Richfield Akpaka.
Hypomelanosis of Ito is a neurocutaneous disorder characterised by areas of hypomelanosis that follow the lines of Blaschko. It has multisystemic/ extracutaneous manifestations, predominantly in the nervous and musculoskeletal systems. This condition has no racial predilection, but skin lesions are better seen in darker complexion individuals. Because of the similarities with other cutaneous conditions, there are proposed criteria for a presumptive or definitive diagnosis. Our case fits a proposed definitive diagnosis for Hypomelanosis of Ito.
We describe a 6-week-old child born at term with patches of hypopigmentation on the body and face with other associated congenital anomalies. A unilateral lower lip palsy on the left is notable among the associated congenital features. This child is the last of 3 children born to native Ghanaians with no consanguinous relationship. This report examines the clinical presentation of the case and includes a literature review on the incidence, diagnosis, associated features, and management of Hypomelanosis of Ito. Like any child with a congenital anomaly, a comprehensive physical examination should be performed, as there could be other related or entirely different anomalies. We present a case we report of Hypomelanosis of Ito and asymmetric crying facies in a 6 week old.
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