Authors: Leul Adane, Alemayehu Bedane, Ashenafi Abera, Fitehanegest Tefera, Satyasai Panda.
Pentalogy of Cantrell consists of an extensive defect of the thoraco-abdominal wall, which has nearly always a lethal prognosis. The defect is characterized by the association of five anomalies: omphalocele, cardiac ectopia, absence of the distal portion of the sternum, absence of the anterior diaphragm and absence of the parietal diaphragmatic pericardium. It has a rare frequency of about 5.5 per 1,000,000 live births. There is a common association with intra cardiac anomalies such as ventricular septum defect, tetralogy of Fallot, and transposition of great vessels .The pathogenesis remains unclear. Here we present an imaging findings with antenatal Two Dimensional (2D) and Three Dimensional (3D) ultrasound and fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in a 20 weeks of gestation with a multiple anomalies, based on which the diagnosis of complete Pentalogy of Cantrell was given with a brief literature. Post mortem radiography, 3D Computed Tomography (CT) and clinical autopsy were performed additionally to enhance the visualization of fetal anomalies and to confirm the diagnosis.
Extensive imaging of cardiac, thoracic and abdominal malformations by ultrasound and MRI is complementary for a clear diagnosis and counseling of the patient.
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